2No, God has not rejected his own people, whom he chose from the very beginning. Do you realize what the Scriptures say about this? Elijah the prophet complained to God about the people of Israel and said,

3“Lord, they have killed your prophets and torn down your altars. I am the only one left, and now they are trying to kill me, too.”11:3 1 Kgs 19:10, 14.

4And do you remember God’s reply? He said, “No, I have 7,000 others who have never bowed down to Baal!”11:4 1 Kgs 19:18.

5It is the same today, for a few of the people of Israel11:5 Greek for a remnant. have remained faithful because of God’s grace—his undeserved kindness in choosing them.

6And since it is through God’s kindness, then it is not by their good works. For in that case, God’s grace would not be what it really is—free and undeserved.

7So this is the situation: Most of the people of Israel have not found the favor of God they are looking for so earnestly. A few have—the ones God has chosen—but the hearts of the rest were hardened.

8As the Scriptures say,

11Did God’s people stumble and fall beyond recovery? Of course not! They were disobedient, so God made salvation available to the Gentiles. But he wanted his own people to become jealous and claim it for themselves.

12Now if the Gentiles were enriched because the people of Israel turned down God’s offer of salvation, think how much greater a blessing the world will share when they finally accept it.

13I am saying all this especially for you Gentiles. God has appointed me as the apostle to the Gentiles. I stress this,

14for I want somehow to make the people of Israel jealous of what you Gentiles have, so I might save some of them.

15For since their rejection meant that God offered salvation to the rest of the world, their acceptance will be even more wonderful. It will be life for those who were dead!

16And since Abraham and the other patriarchs were holy, their descendants will also be holy—just as the entire batch of dough is holy because the portion given as an offering is holy. For if the roots of the tree are holy, the branches will be, too.

17But some of these branches from Abraham’s tree—some of the people of Israel—have been broken off. And you Gentiles, who were branches from a wild olive tree, have been grafted in. So now you also receive the blessing God has promised Abraham and his children, sharing in the rich nourishment from the root of God’s special olive tree.

18But you must not brag about being grafted in to replace the branches that were broken off. You are just a branch, not the root.

19“Well,” you may say, “those branches were broken off to make room for me.”

20Yes, but remember—those branches were broken off because they didn’t believe in Christ, and you are there because you do believe. So don’t think highly of yourself, but fear what could happen.

21For if God did not spare the original branches, he won’t11:21 Some manuscripts read perhaps he won’t. spare you either.

22Notice how God is both kind and severe. He is severe toward those who disobeyed, but kind to you if you continue to trust in his kindness. But if you stop trusting, you also will be cut off.

23And if the people of Israel turn from their unbelief, they will be grafted in again, for God has the power to graft them back into the tree.

24You, by nature, were a branch cut from a wild olive tree. So if God was willing to do something contrary to nature by grafting you into his cultivated tree, he will be far more eager to graft the original branches back into the tree where they belong.

28Many of the people of Israel are now enemies of the Good News, and this benefits you Gentiles. Yet they are still the people he loves because he chose their ancestors Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

29For God’s gifts and his call can never be withdrawn.

30Once, you Gentiles were rebels against God, but when the people of Israel rebelled against him, God was merciful to you instead.

31Now they are the rebels, and God’s mercy has come to you so that they, too, will share11:31 Other manuscripts read will now share; still others read will someday share. in God’s mercy.

32For God has imprisoned everyone in disobedience so he could have mercy on everyone.

33Oh, how great are God’s riches and wisdom and knowledge! How impossible it is for us to understand his decisions and his ways!

36For everything comes from him and exists by his power and is intended for his glory. All glory to him forever! Amen.